冻融与初始应变双重影响下黄土力学特性研究

牛亚强; 马伟军; 闫佳琪; 王旭; 路彤; 程雨萌

doi:10.19713/j.cnki.43-1423/u.T20251431

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冻融与初始应变双重影响下黄土力学特性研究

轨道与基础 | 更新时间：2026-07-24

- 冻融与初始应变双重影响下黄土力学特性研究
- Mechanical properties of loess under dual effects of freeze-thaw and initial strain
- 铁道科学与工程学报 2026年23卷第7期页码：3286-3298
- 作者机构：
  
  1.兰州交通大学土木工程学院，甘肃兰州 730070
  2.道桥工程灾害防治技术国家地方联合工程实验室，甘肃兰州 730070
- 作者简介：
  
  牛亚强(1988—)，男，甘肃平凉人，教授，博士，从事路基工程与寒区岩土力学方面的研究；E-mail：niuyq_1377@163.com
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金资助项目(51868041);甘肃省自然科学基金资助项目(23JRRA873);甘肃省兰州市青年科技人才创新项目(2024-QN-175)
- DOI：10.19713/j.cnki.43-1423/u.T20251431
  中图分类号： TU411
- 收稿：2025-09-12，
  
  网络首发：2026-07-24，
  
  纸质出版：2026-07-28
- 稿件说明：
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牛亚强,马伟军,闫佳琪等.冻融与初始应变双重影响下黄土力学特性研究[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2026,23(07):3286-3298.

NIU Yaqiang,MA Weijun,YAN Jiaqi,et al.Mechanical properties of loess under dual effects of freeze-thaw and initial strain[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2026,23(07):3286-3298.
牛亚强,马伟军,闫佳琪等.冻融与初始应变双重影响下黄土力学特性研究[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2026,23(07):3286-3298. DOI： 10.19713/j.cnki.43-1423/u.T20251431.

NIU Yaqiang,MA Weijun,YAN Jiaqi,et al.Mechanical properties of loess under dual effects of freeze-thaw and initial strain[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2026,23(07):3286-3298. DOI： 10.19713/j.cnki.43-1423/u.T20251431.

摘要

在季节性冻土地区，路基填料因冻融循环作用发生的力学性能劣化，是导致路基出现沉降、裂缝等工程病害的关键因素，而这一劣化过程与土体内部的孔隙结构密切相关，会直接影响路基的稳定性，因此开展该方向的研究对季冻区路基工程的建设具有重要意义。以重塑黄土为研究对象，通过初始应变模拟土体在路基不同位置处呈现的孔隙结构状态，系统开展不同冻结温度、冻融循环次数和围压条件下的单轴压缩试验、三轴剪切试验和NMR核磁共振试验，从宏观力学行为和微观孔隙结构演化分析土体的冻融稳定性；为描述初始应变与冻融循环双重影响下重塑黄土的应力-应变关系，基于二元介质理论，引入初始应变损伤因子和冻融循环损伤因子，建立考虑双重损伤效应的重塑黄土损伤本构模型。研究结果表明：初始应变显著影响重塑黄土的孔隙结构分布，导致土中小孔隙向中、大孔隙转化，进而降低试样强度；随冻融循环次数和初始应变的增加，试样峰值强度、黏聚力及内摩擦角非线性降低；初始应变的增大会加剧冻融劣化效应，且冻融循环次数越多，初始应变对强度劣化的影响越显著；所建立的损伤本构模型可有效反映初始应变和冻融双重影响下黄土的变形行为。研究成果可为季节性冻土地区路基的变形计算和稳定性评价提供理论支撑。

Abstract

In seasonal frozen soil regions

the deterioration of mechanical properties of subgrade fill materials due to freeze-thaw cycles are the key factors leading to engineering diseases such as subgrade settlement and cracking. This deterioration process is closely related to the pore structure within the soil

which directly affects the stability of the subgrade. Therefore

conducting research in this direction is of great significance for the construction of subgrade engineering in seasonal frozen areas. Taking the remolded loess as the research object

the pore structure states presented by the soil at different positions of the subgrade were simulated through the initial strain. Uniaxial compression tests

triaxial shear tests and NMR tests were systematically conducted on remolded loess samples with different initial strain under different freezing temperature

freeze-thaw cycles and confining pressure. The freeze-thaw stability of soil was analyzed from the macroscopic mechanical behavior and the evolution of microscopic pore structure. To describe the stress-strain relationship of remolded loess under the dual influence of initial strain and freeze-thaw cycles

based on the binary medium theory

the initial strain damage factor and the freeze-thaw cycle damage factor were introduced to establish a damage constitutive model of remolded loess considering the dual damage effects. The results are presented as follows. The initial strain can significantly affect the pore structure distribution of remolded loess

causing small pores in the loess to transform into medium and large pores

thereby reducing the strength of samples. With the increase of freeze-thaw cycles and initial strain

the peak strength

cohesion and internal friction angle of the sample decrease nonlinearly. The increase of initial strain aggravates the freeze-thaw deterioration degree of the strength of remolded loess samples

and with the increase of freeze-thaw cycles

the influence of initial strain becomes more significant. The damage constitutive model established can effectively reflect the deformation behavior of loess under the dual influence of initial strain and freeze-thaw. The research results can provide theoretical support for the deformation calculation and stability assessment of subgrade in seasonal frozen soil areas.

关键词

Keywords

references

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